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LIMB REDUCTION BIRTH DEFECTS AND ZOLOFT AND OTHER SSRI ANTI-DEPRESSANTS Limb Reduction Birth Defects Potentially Linked to Antidepressants Taken by Mothers During Pregnancy The Mulligan Law Firm and www.drugrxrecall.com is actively evaluating potential Limb Reduction cases originating from any of the 50 states. If you or somebody you know took an antidepressant, such as Zoloft®, while pregnant and your child was born with a Limb Reduction or other birth defect, you should contact our lawyers immediately.
You may be entitled to compensation. We are actively seeking birth defects claims like these in order to represent the legal interests of children and families affected by the manufacturer's potential failure to warn mothers of the potential for congenital birth defects as a result of taking their products. What is a Limb Reduction? An Limb Reduction is a congenital birth defect in which the infant's limb or limbs are malformed.  Limb reduction defects can be present along with other birth defects—spinal problems, heart problems, tracheoesophageal fistula, esophageal atresia, renal anomalies, are among some of the possibilities. The extent and seriousness of limb reduction defects will vary with each individual case. What SSRI Antidepressants Are Potentially Linked to Limb Reduction? The following antidepressants are the primary drugs potentially linked to the development of Limb Reduction in newborn infants and babies if their mothers took these drugs during pregnancy: - Symbyax® (fluoxetine and olanzapine)
- Generics and other types of this class of drugs (SSRI).
Limb Reduction Repair Various surgeries and other physical therapy options may be evaluated by your professional physician to address the specific needs of infants born with limb reduction defects. Do I Have an Limb Reduction Lawsuit? Our attorneys are currently accepting potential Limb Reduction and related birth defect claims originating in any of the 50 states. Please contact us for a free questionnaire and additional information that we will promptly mail you. If you or somebody you know took an antidepressant during pregnancy and your child was born with a Limb Reduction, you should contact us immediately. You may be entitled to compensation.  Do not delay, as failure to act may cause your legal rights to be lost if your statute of limitations passes. Your birth defect claim may be helpful to others as it may help protect other babies from the same birth defect by helping to send a clear message to the large pharmaceutical companies that their potential failure to properly warn and other potential liability – creating behavior is unacceptable. Therefore, your legal action can possibly help this unfortunate side effect become better known, and also possibly encourage companies to provide better warnings that this type of side effect can occur. Who We Are The Mulligan Law Firm, a national law firm located in Dallas, Texas, provides legal information and resources for injured individuals and their families. The firm has successfully resolved over $600,000,000 in claims for its clients. Formed in 1995, it has been helping people for over 15 years, with the strength and experience to represent plaintiffs in all 50 states. We take all cases on a contingency-fee basis, which means you do not pay for our services unless you receive an award or compensation. Do not delay, as your rights and compensation may be lost forever if you wait. Statutes of limitations vary by state, and failure to act immediately may cause you to lose your potential legal rights forever. Paxil® is a registered trademark of SmithKline Beecham Corporation, Prozac ®is a registered trademark of Eli Lilly and Company. Zoloft® is a registered trademark of Pfizer Inc., Lexapro® is a registered trademark of Forest Laboratories, Inc., Celexa® is a registered trademark of Forest Laboratories, Inc., Effexor is a registered trademark of Wyeth Corporation, Symbyax® is a registered trademark of Eli Lilly and Company. Wellbutrin® is a registered trademark of GlaxoSmithKline LLC. Please see terms and conditions for use of this site at www.drugrxrecall.com. We thank Wikipedia for the information below and encourage you to support their work. Please see main article, Discussion Tab, Contributors List, and additional information on this article here: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birth_defects Congenital disorder From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Redirected from Birth defects) Congenital disorder Classification and external resources and Related Terms:
MeSH D009358 Disability Theory and models Disability theory · Ableism / Disablism Medical model · Social model Education
Mainstreaming  Individualized Education Program (IEP)  Special needs · Special school  Special education · Learning disability Therapy Physical therapy · Occupational therapy  Speech therapy Societal implications Disability rights movement · inclusion  People-first language · Pejorative terms Personal / physical assistance Personal care assistant  Activities of daily living  Orthotics and braces · Prosthetics  Assistive technology · Mobility aids  Physical accessibility · Universal design  Web accessibility Socioeconomic assistance Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI)  Supplemental Security Income (SSI)  Ticket to Work  Disability Living Allowance (DLA)  Ontario Disability Support Program  Disabled students allowance  Disabled Persons Railcard  Freedom Pass Groups and organizationsSociety for Disability Studies  Disabled Peoples' International (DPI)  Visitability Disabled sports Special Olympics · Paralympics  Deaflympics · Extremity Games Culture Disability in the arts  Disability in the media Disability portal · category · lists A congenital disorder, or congenital disease, is a condition existing at birth and often before birth, or that develops during the first month of life (neonatal disease), regardless of causation. Of these diseases, those characterized by structural deformities are termed "congenital anomalies"; that is a different concept (MeSH) which involves defects in or damage to a developing fetus.  A congenital disorder may be the result of genetic abnormalities, the intrauterine (uterus) environment, errors of morphogenesis, infection, or a chromosomal abnormality. The outcome of the disorder will depend on complex interactions between the pre-natal deficit and the post-natal environment.[1] Animal studies indicate that the mother's (and possibly the father's) diet, vitamin intake, and glucose levels prior to ovulation and conception have long-term effects on fetal growth and adolescent and adult disease.[2] Congenital disorders vary widely in causation and abnormalities. Any substance that causes birth defects is known as a teratogen. The older term congenital[3] disorder does not necessarily refer to a genetic disorder despite the similarity of the words. Some disorders can be detected before birth through prenatal diagnosis (screening). Classification Much of the language used for describing congenital conditions predates genomic mapping, and structural conditions are often considered separately from other congenital conditions. It is now known that many metabolic conditions may have subtle structural expression, and structural conditions often have genetic links. Still, congenital conditions are often classified in a structural basis, organized when possible by primary organ system affected. Primarily structural Main article: Congenital abnormality Several terms are used to describe congenital abnormalities. (Some of these are also used to describe noncongenital conditions, and more than one term may apply in an individual condition.)  A congenital physical anomaly is an abnormality of the structure of a body part. An anomaly may or may not be perceived as a problem condition. Many, if not most, people have one or more minor physical anomalies if examined carefully. Examples of minor anomalies can include curvature of the 5th finger (clinodactyly), a third nipple, tiny indentations of the skin near the ears (preauricular pits), shortness of the 4th metacarpal or metatarsal bones, or dimples over the lower spine (sacral dimples). Some minor anomalies may be clues to more significant internal abnormalities.  Birth defect is a widely used term for a congenital malformation, i.e. a congenital, physical anomaly which is recognizable at birth, and which is significant enough to be considered a problem. According to the CDC, most birth defects are believed to be caused by a complex mix of factors including genetics, environment, and behaviors,[1] though many birth defects have no known cause. An example of a birth defect is cleft palate.  A congenital malformation is a congenital physical anomaly that is deleterious, i.e. a structural defect perceived as a problem. A typical combination of malformations affecting more than one body part is referred to as a malformation syndrome.  Some conditions are due to abnormal tissue development: A malformation is associated with a disorder of tissue development.[4] Malformations often occur in the first trimester.  A dysplasia is a disorder at the organ level that is due to problems with tissue development.[4] It is also possible for conditions to arise after tissue is formed: A deformation is a condition arising from mechanical stress to normal tissue.[4] Deformations often occur in the second or third semester, and can be due to oligohydramnios. A disruption involves breakdown of normal tissues.[4]  When multiple effects occur in a specified order, it is known as a sequence. When the order is not known, it is a syndrome. Other  Genetic disorders or diseases are all congenital, though they may not be expressed or recognized until later in life. Genetic diseases may be divided into single-gene defects, multiple-gene disorders, or chromosomal defects. Single-gene defects may arise from abnormalities of both copies of an autosomal gene (a recessive disorder) or of only one of the two copies (a dominant disorder). Some conditions result from deletions or abnormalities of a few genes located contiguously on a chromosome. Chromosomal disorders involve the loss or duplication of larger portions of a chromosome (or an entire chromosome) containing hundreds of genes. Large chromosomal abnormalities always produce effects on many different body parts and organ systems.  A congenital metabolic disease is also referred to as an inborn error of metabolism. Most of these are single gene defects, usually heritable. Many affect the structure of body parts but some simply affect the function.  Other well defined genetic conditions may affect the production of hormones, receptors, structural proteins, and ion channels. Causes: Antibiotics Use of antibiotics around the time of conception, particularly sulfonamides and nitrofurantoin are associated with major birth defects. Whether or not this association is causal has not been determined.[5] Petroleum Petroleum oil and distillates cause birth defects.[6] Epidemiology Cell division errors can be due to a lack of nutrients or availability of atomic building blocks, or the presence of toxins that impede normal growth. Division errors which occur very early in the development of a multicellular organism can result in large scale structural and functional differences in the organism's final shape. For example it is now understood that a lack of folic acid in the diet of a mother can cause cellular neural tube deformities that result in Spina Bifida. External physical shocks or constrainment due to growth in a restricted space, may result in unintended deformation or separation of cellular structures resulting in an abnormal final shape or damaged structures unable to function as expected. For multicellular organisms that develop in a womb, the physical interference or presence of other similarly developing organisms such as twins can result in the two cellular masses being integrated into a larger whole, with the combined cells attempting to continue to develop in a matter that satisfies the intended growth patterns of both cell masses. The two cellular masses can compete with each other, and may either duplicate or merge various structures. This results in conditions such as conjoined twins, and the resulting merged organism may die at birth when it must leave the life-sustaining environment of the womb and must attempt to sustain its biological processes independently. Fossil record Main article: Paleopathology Evidence for congenital deformities found in the fossil record is studied by paleopathologists, specialists in ancient disease and injury. Fossils bearing evidence of congenital deformity are scientifically significant because they can help scientists infer the evolutionary history of life's developmental processes. For instance, because a Tyrannosaurus rex specimen has been discovered with a block vertebra, it means that vertebrae have been developing the same basic way since at least the most recent common ancestor of dinosaurs and mammals. Other notable fossil deformities include a hatchling specimen of the bird-like dinosaur, Troodon, the tip of whose jaw was twisted.[8] Another notably deformed fossil was a specimen of the choristodere Hyphalosaurus, which had two heads- the oldest known example of polycephaly.[9]  See also  Congenital abnormality  Malformative syndrome  ICD-10 Chapter Q: Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities  List of congenital disorders  List of ICD-9 codes 740-759: Congenital anomalies  March of Dimes  Mitochondrial disease References 1.^ a b Birth Defects Research. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.  2.^ Gregory W. Rutecki (2010). "Pre-Prenatal Care: A Primary Care Primer on the Future". ConsultantLive.com. Retrieved 25 September 2010.  3.^ Webster's Dictionary.  4.^ a b c d Graham, John Whichello (2007). Smith's Recognizable Patterns of Human Deformation, 3rd Edition. Philadelphia: Saunders. pp. 3. ISBN 0-7216-1489-2.  5.^ Crider KS, Cleves MA, Reefhuis J, Berry RJ, Hobbs CA, Hu DJ (November 2009). "Antibacterial medication use during pregnancy and risk of birth defects: National Birth Defects Prevention Study". Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 163 (11): 978–85. doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2009.188. PMID 19884587.  6.^ "Pennsylvania, New Jersey – Philadelphia Toxic Tort / Chemical Injury Attorneys". www.lockslaw.com. Retrieved 2010-05-04.  7.^ "WHO Disease and injury country estimates". World Health Organization. 2009. Retrieved Nov. 11, 2009.  8.^ Molnar, R. E., 2001, Theropod paleopathology: a literature survey: In: Mesozoic Vertebrate Life, edited by Tanke, D. H., and Carpenter, K., Indiana University Press, p. 337-363.  9.^ Ji Q., Wu, X.-C. and Cheng, Y.-N. (2010). "Cretaceous choristoderan reptiles gave birth to live young." Naturwissenschaften, 97(4): 423-428. doi:10.1007/s00114-010-0654-2  External links  CDC’s National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities  Birth Defects- Types and Causes
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